Git is the free and open source distributed version control system that’s responsible for everything GitHub
related that happens locally on your computer. This cheat sheet features the most important and commonly
used Git commands for easy reference.
SETUP
Configuring user information used across all local repositories
Set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history:
git config –global user.name “[firstname lastname]”
Set an email address that will be associated with each history marker
git config –global user.email “[valid-email]”
Set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing:
git config –global color.ui auto
This method saves the credentials in plaintext on your PC’s disk. Everyone on your computer can access it, so be careful:
git config –global credential.helper store
New Repo
echo “# my project” >> README.md
git init
git add .
git commit -m “init commit”
git branch -M main
# for gitbub.com:
curl -u ‘USER’ https://api.github.com/user/repos -d ‘{“name”:”PROJECTNAME”,”description”:”This project is a test”}’
# for bitbucket.com:
curl –user login:pass https://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/repositories/ –data name=REPO_NAME
git remote add origin git@bitbucket.org:$username/$reponame.git
remote add origin https://github.com/myrepo/myproject.git
git push -u origin main
Create New Remote Repo
curl -u ‘USER’ https://api.github.com/user/repos -d ‘{“name”:”PROJECTNAME”,”description”:”This project is a test”}’
BITBUCKET:
curl --user login:pass https://api.bitbucket.org/1.0/repositories/ \
--data name=REPO_NAME
git remote add origin git@github.com:USER/PROJECTNAME.git
git push origin master
INIT
Configuring user information, initializing and cloning repositories:
git checkout
switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory:
git init
Show modified files in working directory, ready for your next commit:
git status
Add a file as it looks now to your next commit
git add [file]
Unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory
git reset [file]
diff of what is changed but not staged
git diff
diff of what is staged but not yet committed
git diff –staged
BRANCH & MERGE
Isolating work in branches, changing context, and integrating changes
git branch
list your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch
git branch [branch-name]
create a new branch at the current commit
git merge [branch]
initialize an existing directory as a Git repository
merge the specified branch’s history into the current one
git clone [url]
git log
retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL
show all commits in the current branch’s history
INSPECT & COMPARE
SHARE & UPDATE
Examining logs, diffs and object information
Retrieving updates from another repository and updating local repos
git log
git remote add [alias] [url]
show the commit history for the currently active branch
add a git URL as an alias
git log branchB..branchA
git fetch [alias]
show the commits on branchA that are not on branchB
fetch down all the branches from that Git remote
git log –follow [file]
git merge [alias]/[branch]
show the commits that changed file, even across renames
merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date
git diff branchB…branchA
git push [alias] [branch]
show the diff of what is in branchA that is not in branchB
Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch
git show [SHA]
git pull
show any object in Git in human-readable format
fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch
TRACKING PATH CHANGES
REWRITE HISTORY
Versioning file removes and path changes
Rewriting branches, updating commits and clearing history
git rm [file]
git rebase [branch]
delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit
apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one
git mv [existing-path] [new-path]
git reset –hard [commit]
change an existing file path and stage the move
clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit
git log –stat -M
show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved
TEMPORARY COMMITS
Temporarily store modified, tracked files in order to change branches
IGNORING PATTERNS
git stash
Preventing unintentional staging or commiting of files
Save modified and staged changes
logs/
*.notes
pattern*/
git stash list
Save a file with desired patterns as .gitignore with either direct string
matches or wildcard globs.
git stash pop
git config –global core.excludesfile [file]
git stash drop
system wide ignore pattern for all local repositories
discard the changes from top of stash stack
list stack-order of stashed file changes
write working from top of stash stack